A few years ago, people in the food and beverage industry started talking about the concept of creating delivery-focused kitchen hubs. Widely known as ghost kitchens, though also referred to as digital kitchens, virtual kitchens, cloud kitchens, dark kitchens, or virtual restaurant, to meet the ever-growing demand for food delivery by consumers.
This interest was spurred by the rapid growth of food delivery apps that had entered the market and were taking a larger share of restaurant revenues every year. Third-party delivery platforms such as UberEats, DoorDash, Postmates, and Gubhub have been rapidly growing to meet the food delivery demand created by consumers. To understand the size of this market, in just 2018 consumers spent $10.2 billion on orders through third-party delivery platforms, according to Technomic.
However, this growth in food delivery has not necessarily been a panacea for restaurant owners as the delivery apps take a significant portion of the gross sales on every order. In order to adapt to this paradigm shift within the food industry, restaurants started to explore delivery-first options with investment and cost structures better aligned to this market change, thereby birthing the concept of ghost kitchens.
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Ghost kitchens or virtual kitchens are physical locations with kitchens that focus on producing food for delivery and pickup only. Without dine-in functionality. These concepts have started to pick up as the demand for food delivery has grown. Even the founder of Uber, Travis Kalanicks, started a venture, called CloudKitchens, solely focused on this growing industry a few years ago.
Since then, a few other competitors, such as KitchenUnited, have been attracting millions of dollars in investment to create large kitchen warehouses located within high demand delivery areas in order to host restaurant and food concepts solely focused on delivery. Additionally, since the COVID-19 pandemic began, many existing restaurants have repurposed their kitchens for food delivery preparation and cooking.
COVID-19 and the resulting restrictions placed on people and businesses spurred a huge increase in the food-delivery market. As people were no longer allowed to dine-out or preferred to remain at home, they began to order more food for delivery as a result. Many restaurants repurposed their kitchens in order to meet this demand.
Additionally, many restaurant concepts that were closed for in dining purposes also started to create their own virtual restaurant food brands that they could cook for out of their existing kitchen facilities.
It is important to understand the ghost kitchen market before deciding to invest in a franchise or concept. There is a lot of hype in the food and beverage industry around the concept of ghost kitchens and virtual kitchens. However, one must be able to separate reality from hype in order to make prudent investment decisions. Here we will examine the biggest myths about ghost kitchens.
“We don’t work with startup restaurants. We don’t work with people that only have one location. When we started, we didn’t know what would work so we brought in all kinds of restaurants and ended up having to kick most of them out because either they didn’t know how to be a restaurant or they didn’t know how to be a multi-location restaurant. This is true of the ghost kitchen community as a whole: if you’re a restaurant and you don’t already have a consumer connection and an audience and a following and you try to open in a space with no consumer interface, no storefront, you have to climb a giant mountain.”
We can assume that Jim knows the space better than almost anyone else in the market due to the data that he has available to him, so it would be wise to trust him at his word in regards to the difficulty of success in the ghost kitchen space.
While it might seem on the surface that ghost kitchen facilities and virtual food delivery brands are the way of the future for the restaurant industry, the huge increase in competition from existing restaurants and franchises has shown that the story is more nuanced than that. Rather than restaurants and food entrepreneurs being able to succeed by simply lowering their costs by cooking out of existing restaurants or delivery-focused facilities, they are engaged in a highly competitive virtual food delivery environment where the cost of entry is low and the need to spend money on marketing to attract customers is high.
No one knows for certain where this trend will lead to, however, I would certainly warn any potential ghost kitchen investor or operator to know the risks involved in this highly competitive space.
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